Two times India taxes your equity
Same two events for every Meta employee. The rule is fixed by law. Your residency on the day of the event is what changes the answer.
Your shares show up. India treats them as salary.
On vest, the closing share price times the units that vested gets added to your Indian salary income — same as a bonus — for the slice of days you actually worked from India during the grant-to-vest cycle. The US side withholds via your W2. The India side is on your filing.
You sell. India taxes the gain — but only if you're resident.
Sale price minus the vest-day value is your capital gain. Hold for more than 24 months and it's long-term, flat 12.5% under Section 112. The trick: if you sell while still NRI or RNOR, India doesn't tax it at all. The calendar decides, not the company.